The Data Desk

Run the numbers yourself.

Every chart here is built from figures reported in The Buildout, and 11 of them run on live market, filing and economic data. Move the sliders, change the yardstick, pick your entry point. The arithmetic is ours and labeled as ours, and every source is named.

The live macro tape

Five charts that test The Buildout against today’s Treasury, inflation, energy and profit data.

Data Desk · Live · Part 07Rates

The curve, live

Treasury yields from one month to 30 years, today against the day the Fed hiked. Pick a date and see which end of the curve moved.

As of Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET · daily, at each build · published Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET · read Oct 21, 2026 · observed · next release the next weekday morning (6:30 a.m. ET)

Live data, updated Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET

What the chart says. Since the hike, the 30-year has moved +7 basis points and the 2-year +5. The Fed sets the short rate. The long end is setting the price of the buildout’s money.

Source: U.S. Treasury; Federal Reserve H.15 via FRED (as of Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET). Comparison dates use daily closes; changes are DeepStack arithmetic.

Show the data table
TenorToday, Oct 20A week ago (Oct 13)Fed hike day (Sep 16)A month ago (Sep 18)A year ago (Oct 20, 2025)
1M4.10%————
3M4.26%4.26%4.14%4.14%3.97%
6M4.36%————
1Y4.51%————
2Y4.79%4.79%4.74%4.76%3.46%
3Y4.86%————
5Y4.94%5.00%4.86%4.86%3.58%
7Y5.02%————
10Y5.12%5.21%5.01%5.01%4.00%
20Y5.47%————
30Y5.42%5.56%5.35%5.34%4.58%
Read Part 07: The Fed Hiked. The Long End Still Climbed.

Today, Oct 20Fed hike day, Sep 16

Change since Sep 16, basis points. Rising yields shown in red: dearer money for borrowers.

  1. 3M+12 bp
  2. 2Y+5 bp
  3. 5Y+8 bp
  4. 10Y+11 bp
  5. 30Y+7 bp

Since Sep 16, the 2-year has moved +5 bp and the 30-year +7 bp. Both ends have moved together.

Data Desk · Live · Part 08Infrastructure Finance

The real price of patience

Each Treasury yield split into the real return and the inflation the market expects. Set your own inflation assumption and see what a lender actually earns.

As of Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET · daily, at each build · published Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET · read Oct 21, 2026 · observed · next release the next weekday morning (6:30 a.m. ET)

Live data, updated Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET

What the chart says. A real yield near 2.8% is the floor under every loan in Part 08. If inflation runs at what households expect (3.0% over five years) rather than the 2.35% bonds price, lenders are underpaid and borrowers are quietly subsidized.

Source: U.S. Treasury (as of Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET). Household expectations: Federal Reserve Bank of New York Survey of Consumer Expectations, September 2026, via Trading Economics. Breakevens and real yields at your assumption are DeepStack arithmetic.

Show the data table
MaturityNominal yieldReal yield (TIPS)Inflation priced
5-year4.94%2.55%2.39%
10-year5.12%2.77%2.35%
30-year5.42%3.16%2.26%
ExpectationInflation, % a year
Bond market, 10 years2.35%
Households, next year3.90%
Households, 3 years3.30%
Households, 5 years3.00%
Read Part 08: AI Lenders Are Financing the End of Scarcity
0.50%5.00%
Step 0.01 pt

10-year Treasury5.12%

Real yield the market pays2.77%

Inflation the market prices2.35%

Real yield at your inflation2.77%

Expected inflation, % a year

  1. Bond market, 10 years2.4%
  2. Households, next year3.9%
  3. Households, 3 years3.3%
  4. Households, 5 years3.0%

At 10 years, Treasuries pay 5.12%, or 2.77% after inflation protection, so the market prices 2.35% inflation. At your 2.35% assumption, a lender earns 2.77% in real terms, the same as inflation-protected bonds pay.

Data Desk · Live · Part 07Rates

Inflation’s last mile

Headline and core consumer prices against the 2% the Fed aims for, with the forecast path. Change the window and see how long the last mile has lasted.

As of Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET · daily, at each build · published Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET · read Oct 21, 2026 · observed · next release the next weekday morning (6:30 a.m. ET)

Live data, updated Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET

What the chart says. Long-dated money was priced for inflation back at 2%. Headline CPI has run above it every month since January 2023, and the forecast path is still at 2.7% in Q3 2027. That gap is why Note 04 calls rates the referee.

Source: BLS; Trading Economics (forecast paths) (as of Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET). BLS.gov cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from BLS.gov. The Fed’s 2% goal is set for the PCE index; CPI is shown against it as markets read it.

Show the data table
MonthHeadline CPICore CPI
Sep 20263.7%2.6%
Aug 20263.4%2.4%
Jul 20263.4%2.5%
Jun 20263.5%2.6%
May 20264.2%2.9%
Apr 20263.8%2.8%
Mar 20263.3%2.6%
Feb 20262.4%2.5%
Jan 20262.4%2.5%
Dec 20252.7%2.6%
Nov 20252.7%2.6%
Sep 20253.0%3.0%
Aug 20252.9%3.1%
Jul 20252.7%3.1%
Jun 20252.7%2.9%
May 20252.4%2.8%
Apr 20252.3%2.8%
Mar 20252.4%2.8%
Feb 20252.8%3.1%
Jan 20253.0%3.3%
Dec 20242.9%3.2%
Nov 20242.7%3.3%
Oct 20242.6%3.3%
Sep 20242.4%3.3%
Aug 20242.5%3.2%
Jul 20242.9%3.2%
Jun 20243.0%3.3%
May 20243.3%3.4%
Apr 20243.4%3.6%
Mar 20243.5%3.8%
Feb 20243.2%3.8%
Jan 20243.1%3.9%
Dec 20233.4%3.9%
Nov 20233.1%4.0%
Oct 20233.2%4.0%
Sep 20233.7%4.1%
Aug 20233.7%4.3%
Jul 20233.2%4.7%
Jun 20233.0%4.8%
May 20234.0%5.3%
Apr 20234.9%5.5%
Mar 20235.0%5.6%
Feb 20236.0%5.5%
Jan 20236.4%5.6%
QuarterForecast
Q4 20263.4%
Q1 20273.1%
Q2 20272.9%
Q3 20272.7%
Read Part 07: The Fed Hiked. The Long End Still Climbed.

Headline CPICore CPIForecast

Headline inflation was 3.7% in Sep 2026, core 2.6%. Since Sep 2024, headline has been above 2% in 24 of 24 months. The forecast path reaches 2.7% by Q3 2027.

Data Desk · Live · Part 06Power

The energy bill behind the buildout

Fuel, wholesale power and the metals in the grid, live. Switch the window, then sort by the biggest move or by input.

As of Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET · daily, at each build · published Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET · read Oct 21, 2026 · observed · next release the next weekday morning (6:30 a.m. ET)

Live data, updated Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET

What the chart says. The cheapest input to the AI buildout is American gas, +14% over the year, while European power is +136% on average and copper +39%. Physics sets the schedule; these prices say where it gets built.

Source: EIA via FRED; Trading Economics (European gas); Trading Economics (European power); IMF via FRED; Trading Economics (uranium); Trading Economics (lithium) (as of Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET). Changes are DeepStack arithmetic on the stored closes. Copper is a monthly average (latest Jul 2026); its changes compare monthly averages, not weeks.

Show the data table
Price change over 12 monthsValue
US natural gas+14%
Brent crude (spot)+101%
WTI crude (spot)+71%
European gas (TTF)+174%
German power+88%
French power+112%
Spanish power+283%
Italian power+98%
UK power+102%
Copper+39%
Uranium+17%
Lithium carbonate+39%
Price change over one monthValue
US natural gas+13.0%
Brent crude (spot)+4.4%
WTI crude (spot)−0.5%
European gas (TTF)+20.3%
German power+14.0%
French power+37.3%
Spanish power+5.9%
Italian power+12.6%
UK power+7.8%
Copper−0.1%
Uranium+0.5%
Lithium carbonate−23.6%
Read Part 06: Power Doesn’t Depreciate. Its Premium Moves.

Price change over 12 months

  1. Spanish power€146.97/MWh+283%
  2. European gas (TTF)€88.10/MWh+174%
  3. French power€119.48/MWh+112%
  4. UK power£165.82/MWh+102%
  5. Brent crude (spot)$126.55 a barrel+101%
  6. Italian power€252.40/MWh+98%
  7. German power€167.53/MWh+88%
  8. WTI crude (spot)$101.91 a barrel+71%
  9. Copper$6.14/lb+39%
  10. Lithium carbonateCN¥102,700/t+39%
  11. Uranium$90.15/lb+17%
  12. US natural gas$3.22 per MMBtu+14%

Over 12 months, the biggest move is Spanish power at +283%. US natural gas is +14%.

Data Desk · Live · Part 10Markets

Profits ran ahead of the economy

US corporate profits against output per hour, both indexed to 100. Move the starting line and watch the gap Part 10 calls the denominator.

As of Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET · daily, at each build · published Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET · read Oct 21, 2026 · observed · next release the next weekday morning (6:30 a.m. ET)

Live data, updated Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET

What the chart says. Since the quarter before ChatGPT, profits are +39% and output per hour +9.1%. The S&P 500’s 19 times earnings is a bet that productivity closes that gap. Until it does, more of the profit line depends on the spending boom continuing.

Source: BEA via FRED; BLS via FRED (as of Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET). Quarterly. Indexing is DeepStack arithmetic.

Show the data table
QuarterCorporate profits (USD billion, annual rate)Output per hour (index)
Q2 20263,877120.0
Q1 20263,601119.6
Q4 20253,581119.3
Q3 20253,402118.9
Q2 20253,282117.4
Q1 20253,279116.2
Q4 20243,211116.4
Q3 20243,025116.0
Q2 20243,069115.0
Q1 20242,995113.9
Q4 20233,051113.9
Q3 20232,992112.8
Q2 20232,896111.4
Q1 20232,898110.3
Q4 20222,792110.0
Q3 20222,887109.4
Q2 20222,775109.4
Q1 20222,605110.2
Q4 20212,689111.6
Q3 20212,682110.9
Q2 20212,683111.6
Q1 20212,463111.4
Q4 20202,198110.6
Q3 20202,414111.5
Q2 20201,806109.8
Q1 20201,983104.7
Q4 20192,198105.1
Q3 20192,205104.1
Q2 20192,161103.0
Q1 20192,133102.3
Read Part 10: The Bubble Is in the Denominator

Corporate profitsOutput per hour

Index, Q4 2022 = 100 (dashed line)

Since Q4 2022 (before ChatGPT), corporate profits are +38.9% and output per hour +9.1%. Profits have grown 4.3 times faster.

Markets and rates

What the market pays for AI profits, and what the bond market charges for patience.

Data Desk · Live · Part 15Markets

Nearly all of the climb is real yield

The 10-year Treasury's move since the late-February low, split into the real yield and the inflation the market prices, from the daily closes. Count from another date and see whether the split holds.

As of Oct 19, 2026 · daily closes, at each build · published Oct 19, 2026 · read Oct 21, 2026 · observed · next release the next weekday build

Live data, updated Oct 21, 2026, 6:30 a.m. ET

What the chart says. Counted from Feb 27, 2026 (the late-February low) to Oct 19, 2026, the 10-year Treasury moved +118 bp, and 108 of those basis points came from the real yield (92% of the move). A rise that is real yield is the market charging more for money. That is the bill behind every loan in the buildout, and it does not come down when oil does.

Source: Federal Reserve H.15 via FRED; Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis via FRED (DGS10, DFII10 and T10YIE daily closes to Oct 19, 2026, refreshed at each build). Changes in basis points are DeepStack arithmetic.

Show the data table
Date10-year TreasuryReal yieldBreakeven inflationMove to latestOf it, realOf it, inflation
The late-February low (Feb 27, 2026)3.97%1.72%2.25%+118 bp+108 bp+10 bp
Start of the year (Jan 2, 2026)4.19%1.94%2.25%+96 bp+86 bp+10 bp
Fed hike day (Sep 16, 2026)5.01%2.68%2.33%+14 bp+12 bp+2 bp
A month ago (Sep 18, 2026)5.01%2.68%2.33%+14 bp+12 bp+2 bp
Latest close (Oct 19, 2026)5.15%2.80%2.35%———
Read Part 15: Oil Is the Headline. The Real Yield Is the Bill.

Count the move from

10-year Treasury+118 bp

Real yield+108 bp

Breakeven inflation+10 bp

The +118 bp move from Feb 27, 2026 to Oct 19, 2026, by part

+108 bp

Real yieldBreakeven inflation

10-year TreasuryReal yield

From Feb 27, 2026 to Oct 19, 2026, the 10-year Treasury moved +118 bp: +108 bp from the real yield and +10 bp from expected inflation. That is the market charging more for money, not pricing more inflation.

Data Desk · Part 10Markets

Run the denominator

The S&P 500 trades at 19.0 times forward earnings, which sounds reasonable until you set it beside a 10-year Treasury paying 5.12%. Cut the earnings, move the yield, and watch the gap to Treasuries change sign.

As of Oct 20, 2026 · irregular, with each Part on valuation · published Oct 20, 2026 · read Oct 21, 2026 · scenario · next release after the October 28 reports

What the chart says. The multiple is not the problem. The profits under it are. A 10% earnings miss at today’s prices turns 19.0x into 21.1x and leaves the forward earnings yield 38 basis points below the 10-year Treasury yield.

Source: FactSet (forward multiple and averages, as of Oct 2, 2026); FRED DGS10 (10-year close, October 20, 2026, refreshed at each build). Scenarios are DeepStack arithmetic, not forecasts.

Show the data table
ScenarioEarnings change10-year yieldMultipleEarnings yieldYield gap
Today0%5.12%19.0x5.26%+14 bp
Earnings 10% lower−10%5.12%21.1x4.74%−38 bp
Howell’s 5.5% line0%5.50%19.0x5.26%−24 bp
Katsenelson’s 6%0%6.00%19.0x5.26%−74 bp
Miss and 5.5%−10%5.50%21.1x4.74%−76 bp
Read Part 10: The Bubble Is in the Denominator
−40%+20%
Step 1%
3.50%6.50%
Step 0.01 pt

Multiple at today’s prices19.0x

Stocks’ earnings yield5.26%

Forward earnings yield minus 10-year Treasury yield+14 bp

  • 5-year average19.8xtoday 0.8x cheaper
  • 10-year average19.1xtoday 0.1x cheaper
  • End of June20.4xtoday 1.4x cheaper

This is a valuation sensitivity, not a risk-adjusted return comparison. Earnings are not contractual distributions, and the two assets differ in duration, growth, inflation exposure and risk.

At 19.0x, stocks yield 5.26% on forward profits against 5.12% on the 10-year. The forward earnings yield is 14 basis points above the 10-year Treasury yield.

Data Desk · Part 07Rates

The 10-year ladder

The Fed raised its rate on September 16. The long end kept climbing anyway. Here is where the 10-year stands against the levels investors say will break something.

As of Oct 20, 2026 · on each Fed decision · published Sep 24, 2026 · read Oct 21, 2026 · observed · next release Oct 28, 2026

What the chart says. The move is real, not inflationary: 96 of the 104 basis points since February came from real yields. That is the market charging more for money, not panicking about prices, and it is the harder kind of rise to reverse.

Source: Federal Reserve (Sep 16 decision); FRED (10-year and real yields, Sep 16 and Sep 24, 2026); FRED (latest close, October 20, 2026, refreshed at each build). Thresholds as stated by the investors named.

Show the data table
LevelWhat it isDateSource
3.75–4.00%Fed funds rangeAfter Sep 16Federal Reserve
5.01%10-year on hike daySep 16FRED
5.18%10-year, six trading days laterSep 24FRED
5.31%10-year closeOct 5CNBC
5.00%The RubiconThresholdSteve Eisman; Ren
5.50%Where cycles buckleThresholdMichael Howell
6.00%Not even at 6%ThresholdVitaliy Katsenelson; Michael Howell
5.12%10-year, latest closeOct 20FRED
Read Part 07: The Fed Hiked. The Long End Still Climbed.

Where it is

Where it breaks

10-year, latest close

The latest daily close, refreshed at each build.

Source: FRED

The 104 bp climb from the late-February low, as of Sep 24

96 bp

Real yield: 96 bpExpected inflation: 8 bp

Real 10-year yield vs. the TSCS kill switch

2.85% on Sep 24Kill switch 3.15%: 30 bp away

10-year, latest close, Oct 20: 5.12%. The latest daily close, refreshed at each build.

Data Desk · Part 02Capital Markets

SpaceX: it depends when you bought

Eight weeks, four prices. Pick your entry point and see what the market paid you for believing.

As of Aug 12, 2026 · daily closes, frozen with Part 02 · published Aug 12, 2026 · read Aug 13, 2026 · observed

What the chart says. The buyer at the offer price is up 8%. The believer who bought the peak is down 35%. The market punished the story long before the business missed a target.

Source: Market data through the August 12, 2026 close, as reported in Part 02. Returns are DeepStack arithmetic.

Show the data table
PointWhenPriceReturn to close
IPOJun 12$135.00+8.3%
PeakSummer high$225.64−35.2%
LowEarly August$104.83+39.4%
CloseAug 12$146.15—
Read Part 02: SpaceX Is Funding an AI Bet Before the Proof

If you bought at

Bought at the IPO ($135.00): up 8.3% at the Aug 12 close of $146.15.

Credit and collateral

The promises lenders are underwriting, measured against the cash that has to keep them.

Data Desk · Part 17Markets

One obligation, five totals

The builders' commitments off the balance sheet, as five counts put them, each with a different date, instrument or base. Pick the yardstick and see how far each count runs ahead of a year of the builders' own cash.

As of Sep 29, 2026 · with each filing season · published Sep 29, 2026 · read Oct 12, 2026 · reported · next release Feb 16, 2027

What the chart says. Five published totals for one obligation run from $0.66 trillion to $3.5 trillion because each changes the date, the instrument or the base. Against a year of the five builders' operating cash, $0.71 trillion, the narrowest reading is 1.6 times and the widest 4.9. The guarantee has no date, and the counts do not agree on what it covers.

Source: Moody's via Fortune (Feb 25, 2026); company 10-K and 10-Q filings at June 30 and Aug 31, 2026, DeepStack's sum; UBS Asset Management (Sep 29, 2026); Michael Burry (Sep 19, 2026). Operating cash flow: the four quarters to mid-2026 of Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, Meta and Oracle, SEC EDGAR, DeepStack's sum. Multiples are DeepStack arithmetic.

Show the data table
MeasureValueSource
Operating cash flow, five builders, four quarters$0.71TSEC filings, DeepStack sum
Leases not yet begun, end of 2025$0.66TMoody's via Fortune
Leases not yet begun, five filings, mid-2026$1.12TDeepStack sum of the filings
Leases, August 2026$1.25TUBS Asset Management
Leases and purchase commitments, September$2.70TMichael Burry
Commitments net of cash$3.50TUBS Asset Management
Read Part 17: The Guarantee Has No Date

Measure everything against

  1. Operating cash flow, five builders, four quartersSEC filings, DeepStack sum$0.71Tyardstick
  2. Leases not yet begun, end of 2025Moody's via Fortune$0.66T0.9× cash flow, a year
  3. Leases not yet begun, five filings, mid-2026DeepStack sum of the filings$1.12T1.6× cash flow, a year
  4. Leases, August 2026UBS Asset Management$1.25T1.8× cash flow, a year
  5. Leases and purchase commitments, SeptemberMichael Burry$2.70T3.8× cash flow, a year
  6. Commitments net of cashUBS Asset Management$3.50T4.9× cash flow, a year

Measured against operating cash flow, five builders, four quarters ($0.71T), leases not yet begun, five filings, mid-2026 are 1.6 times, and leases and purchase commitments, september are 3.8 times that yardstick.

Data Desk · Live · Part 16Markets

Days of sales Nvidia is owed

Accounts receivable at quarter end over the quarter's revenue, times 91 days, from the filings and refreshed with each one. Set the yardstick and see how many dollars sit above it.

As of Jul 26, 2026 · quarterly, with each filing · published Aug 26, 2026 · read Oct 21, 2026 · derived · next release Nov 18, 2026

Live data, updated Oct 21, 2026, 5:43 p.m. ET

What the chart says. Nvidia was owed 59.6 days in the quarter to Jul 26, 2026, against 45.7 days in the quarter to Apr 27, 2025: $63.1 billion of receivables on $96.2 billion of quarterly revenue. A seller that waits longer for its money is financing its customers. The yardstick is April's pace; everything above it is paper the seller holds.

Source: Nvidia Forms 10-Q and 10-K, SEC EDGAR (XBRL company facts) (latest period Jul 26, 2026, refreshed at each build). Days of sales are DeepStack arithmetic: receivables at quarter end over the quarter's revenue, times 91.

Show the data table
Nvidia: periodReceivablesQuarterly revenueDays of sales owed at quarter end
Quarter to Apr 27, 2025$22.1B$44.1B45.7 days
Quarter to Jul 27, 2025$27.8B$46.7B54.1 days
Quarter to Oct 26, 2025$33.4B$57.0B53.3 days
Quarter to Jan 25, 2026$38.5B$68.1B51.4 days
Quarter to Apr 26, 2026$40.7B$81.6B45.4 days
Quarter to Jul 26, 2026$63.1B$96.2B59.6 days
Read Part 16: The Seller Holds the Paper
40.0 days65.0 days
Step 0.1 days · 45.4 was the April 2026 pace

Days of sales owed at quarter end; the mark is your yardstick

  1. Quarter to Apr 27, 202545.7 days
  2. Quarter to Jul 27, 202554.1 days
  3. Quarter to Oct 26, 202553.3 days
  4. Quarter to Jan 25, 202651.4 days
  5. Quarter to Apr 26, 202645.4 days
  6. Quarter to Jul 26, 202659.6 days

Receivables, Quarter to Jul 26, 2026$63.1B

Quarterly revenue, Quarter to Jul 26, 2026$96.2B

Above your collection pace, Quarter to Jul 26, 2026$15.1B

Nvidia: 59.6 days in the quarter to Jul 26, 2026, up from 45.7 days in the quarter to Apr 27, 2025. At your yardstick of 45.4 days, the latest period carries $15.1B more than the yardstick allows.

Data Desk · Part 08Infrastructure Finance

Commitments versus cash

Lenders are underwriting a promise that hyperscaler cash flow will roughly triple by 2030. Pick a yardstick and see how far the commitments already run ahead of it.

As of Sep 28, 2026 · quarterly, with the hyperscaler reports · published Sep 28, 2026 · read Sep 29, 2026 · estimated · next release after the October 28 reports

What the chart says. Burry’s $2.7 trillion of leases and purchase commitments is 4.5 times what the hyperscalers generate in operating cash today, and more than six and a half times a year of earnings. The bonds treat the 2030 target as a formality. It is the whole bet.

Source: Michael Burry (commitments and earnings, five hyperscalers); Torsten Slok, Apollo (operating cash flow and 2030 path); Apollo via DeepValue Capital (backlog), September 2026.

Show the data table
MeasureValueSource
Hyperscaler earnings, past yearunder $0.4TMichael Burry
Operating cash flow today$0.6TTorsten Slok, Apollo
Cash flow needed by 2030$2.0TTorsten Slok, Apollo
Hyperscaler backlog$2.3TApollo via DeepValue Capital
Off-balance-sheet commitments$2.7TMichael Burry
Read Part 08: AI Lenders Are Financing the End of Scarcity

Measure everything against

  1. Hyperscaler earnings, past yearMichael Burryunder $0.4T0.7× cash flow today
  2. Operating cash flow todayTorsten Slok, Apollo$0.6Tyardstick
  3. Cash flow needed by 2030Torsten Slok, Apollo$2.0T3.3× cash flow today
  4. Hyperscaler backlogApollo via DeepValue Capital$2.3T3.8× cash flow today
  5. Off-balance-sheet commitmentsMichael Burry$2.7T4.5× cash flow today

Measured against operating cash flow today ($0.6T), off-balance-sheet commitments are 4.5 times, and cash flow needed by 2030 are 3.3 times that yardstick.

Data Desk · Part 03Credit

The cloud revenue hurdle

To justify next year’s spending, cloud revenue has to reach about $960 billion. It runs at about $380 billion today. Choose a growth rate and see how long the climb takes.

As of Aug 15, 2026 · with each company report · published Aug 15, 2026 · read Aug 15, 2026 · scenario

What the chart says. At the 40% growth the bulls cite, the climb takes almost three years. The spending it has to pay for arrives next year. That gap is what the debt is financing.

Source: Company-reported backlog and commitments; revenue hurdle and run rate as cited in Part 03, August 15, 2026. Growth paths are DeepStack arithmetic.

Show the data table
Growth rateTime to reach $960B from $380B
20% a year5.1 years
30% a year3.5 years
40% a year2.8 years
50% a year2.3 years
60% a year2.0 years
Contracted revenueValue
AWS backlog$496B
Google Cloud backlog$514B
Microsoft commercial commitments$678B
Read Part 03: The Machines Will Work. The Debt Might Not.
10% a year80% a year
Step 1% a year

Years to the hurdle2.8

Run rate today$380B

Booked across three clouds$1.69T

At 40% a year, cloud revenue needs about 2.8 years to grow from $380 billion to $960 billion. The spending it has to justify lands next year.

Spending and power

How fast the money is going out, and what the physical bottleneck now costs.

Data Desk · Live · Part 14Markets

Cents of each operating dollar spent on the build

Purchases of property and equipment against net cash from operations, quarter by quarter, for the four biggest builders and their total, read from the filings and refreshed when the next ones land. Above the mark, the build cost more than the business brought in.

As of Jun 30, 2026 · quarterly, with each filing · published Jul 31, 2026 · read Oct 21, 2026 · derived · next release Oct 28, 2026

Live data, updated Oct 21, 2026, 5:43 p.m. ET

What the chart says. The four spent 96.1% in Q2 2026, against 50.9% in Q3 2024: $165.1 billion of capital spending on $171.8 billion of operating cash flow. That leaves 3.9 points under 100%. When the cash machines spend more than they make, the difference is borrowed, and the borrowing is the story of Part 08.

Source: Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon and Meta Forms 10-Q and 10-K, SEC EDGAR (XBRL company facts) (latest period Jun 30, 2026, refreshed at each build). Amazon's purchases of property and equipment are gross of sales and incentives. The share is DeepStack arithmetic on the reported lines.

Show the data table
Microsoft: periodCapital spendingOperating cash flowCapital spending as a share of operating cash flow
Q3 2024$14.9B$34.2B43.7%
Q4 2024$15.8B$22.3B70.9%
Q1 2025$16.7B$37.0B45.2%
Q2 2025$17.1B$42.6B40.1%
Q3 2025$19.4B$45.1B43.0%
Q4 2025$29.9B$35.8B83.6%
Q1 2026$30.9B$46.7B66.2%
Q2 2026$35.8B$55.4B64.6%
Alphabet: periodCapital spendingOperating cash flowCapital spending as a share of operating cash flow
Q3 2024$13.1B$30.7B42.6%
Q4 2024$14.3B$39.1B36.5%
Q1 2025$17.2B$36.1B47.6%
Q2 2025$22.4B$27.7B80.9%
Q3 2025$24.0B$48.4B49.5%
Q4 2025$27.9B$52.4B53.2%
Q1 2026$35.7B$45.8B77.9%
Q2 2026$44.9B$39.1B115.0%
Amazon: periodCapital spendingOperating cash flowCapital spending as a share of operating cash flow
Q3 2024$22.6B$26.0B87.1%
Q4 2024$27.8B$45.6B61.0%
Q1 2025$25.0B$17.0B147.0%
Q2 2025$32.2B$32.5B99.0%
Q3 2025$35.1B$35.5B98.8%
Q4 2025$39.5B$54.5B72.6%
Q1 2026$44.2B$26.0B169.8%
Q2 2026$54.2B$45.4B119.4%
Meta: periodCapital spendingOperating cash flowCapital spending as a share of operating cash flow
Q3 2024$8.26B$24.7B33.4%
Q4 2024$14.4B$28.0B51.5%
Q1 2025$12.9B$24.0B53.9%
Q2 2025$16.5B$25.6B64.7%
Q3 2025$18.8B$30.0B62.8%
Q4 2025$21.4B$36.2B59.1%
Q1 2026$19.0B$32.2B59.0%
Q2 2026$30.1B$31.9B94.5%
The four: periodCapital spendingOperating cash flowCapital spending as a share of operating cash flow
Q3 2024$58.9B$115.6B50.9%
Q4 2024$72.3B$135.0B53.6%
Q1 2025$71.9B$114.2B62.9%
Q2 2025$88.2B$128.5B68.7%
Q3 2025$97.3B$159.0B61.2%
Q4 2025$118.6B$178.8B66.3%
Q1 2026$129.8B$150.7B86.1%
Q2 2026$165.1B$171.8B96.1%
Read Part 14: The Cash Arrives Unevenly

Capital spending as a share of operating cash flow; the mark is every dollar of operating cash

  1. Q3 202450.9%
  2. Q4 202453.6%
  3. Q1 202562.9%
  4. Q2 202568.7%
  5. Q3 202561.2%
  6. Q4 202566.3%
  7. Q1 202686.1%
  8. Q2 202696.1%

Capital spending, Q2 2026$165.1B

Operating cash flow, Q2 2026$171.8B

Periods above 100.0%0 of 8

The four: 96.1% in Q2 2026, up from 50.9% in Q3 2024. No period shown is above 100.0%.

Data Desk · Live · Part 13Markets

Who pays the power bill first

Household electricity prices in the nine jurisdictions PJM serves against the other 42 states, the nation and Texas, from the federal monthly filings and refreshed with each release. Switch to the latest month, then sort by the biggest rise or by group.

As of Jul 31, 2026 · monthly, with each release · published Sep 24, 2026 · read Oct 21, 2026 · observed · next release the next EIA-861M release, around the 24th of the month

Live data, updated Oct 21, 2026, 5:43 p.m. ET

What the chart says. Average price, August 2025 to July 2026, against the twelve months before: the median of the PJM jurisdictions is +12.1%, against +5.7% for the other 42 states and +6.6% nationally. The data center shows up on the household bill before it shows up on anyone's balance sheet.

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, EIA-861M (latest Jul 31, 2026, refreshed at each build). Price is revenue divided by sales, cents per kilowatt-hour, as the EIA publishes it; the twelve-month view compares average prices over the two years; the medians are DeepStack arithmetic.

Show the data table
Average price, August 2025 to July 2026, against the twelve months beforeValue
District of Columbia+22.0%
Maryland+13.6%
Pennsylvania+12.8%
New Jersey+14.0%
Ohio+11.9%
Virginia+11.7%
Illinois+12.1%
Delaware+5.5%
West Virginia+0.7%
United States+6.6%
Texas+4.9%
Median of the other 42 states+5.7%
July 2026 against July 2025Value
District of Columbia+9.4%
Maryland+13.7%
Pennsylvania+11.3%
New Jersey−0.5%
Ohio+11.9%
Virginia+11.2%
Illinois+11.6%
Delaware+11.5%
West Virginia+2.3%
United States+4.9%
Texas+3.4%
Median of the other 42 states+4.8%
Read Part 13: The Ratepayer Pays First

Average price, August 2025 to July 2026, against the twelve months before

  1. District of Columbia+22.0%
  2. New Jersey+14.0%
  3. Maryland+13.6%
  4. Pennsylvania+12.8%
  5. Illinois+12.1%
  6. Ohio+11.9%
  7. Virginia+11.7%
  8. United States+6.6%
  9. Median of the other 42 states+5.7%
  10. Delaware+5.5%
  11. Texas+4.9%
  12. West Virginia+0.7%

District of Columbia moved most, +22.0%. PJM jurisdictions: median +12.1%.

Data Desk · Live · Part 11Markets

Convert the backlog

A backlog is a promise with a conversion rate attached. Pick the rate and see how much of the book becomes a quarter's revenue for a small pipe maker, or a year's revenue for Microsoft, whose book is refreshed from its filings.

As of Jun 30, 2026 · quarterly, with each filing · published Jul 29, 2026 · read Oct 21, 2026 · derived · next release Oct 28, 2026

Live data, updated Oct 21, 2026, 5:43 p.m. ET

What the chart says. Microsoft's book of business not yet recognized stood at $684B on Jun 30, 2026; at 30% due within a year, that is $205B against $332B of revenue in the four quarters to that date. The size of the book is disclosed every quarter. The pace at which it becomes revenue is the number to watch, and it moves with the customer's own cash.

Source: Microsoft Forms 10-Q and 10-K, SEC EDGAR (XBRL company facts) (latest Jun 30, 2026, refreshed at each build); Perma-Pipe, via Schwar Capital Research, Sep 19, 2026. Implied figures are DeepStack arithmetic.

Show the data table
Perma-Pipe: conversion rateImplied from $142.3MAgainst Q3 FY2025 revenue record ($61.2M)
20%$28.5M0.47×
30%$42.7M0.70×
40%$56.9M0.93×
50%$71.2M1.16×
60%$85.4M1.40×
70%$99.6M1.63×
Microsoft: conversion rateImplied from $684BAgainst revenue, 4 quarters to Jun 30, 2026 ($332B)
20%$137B0.41×
30%$205B0.62×
40%$274B0.82×
50%$342B1.03×
60%$410B1.24×
70%$479B1.44×
Read Part 11: The Backlog Is Not the Quarter
20%70%
Step 1%

Millions of dollars; the mark is Q3 FY2025 revenue record

  1. Backlog, end of fiscal Q2Perma-Pipe, via Schwar Capital Research, Sep 19, 2026$142.3M
  2. Implied at 40%DeepStack arithmetic$56.9M
  3. Q3 FY2025 revenue record$61.2M

Implied at 40%$56.9M

Q3 FY2025 revenue record$61.2M

Implied against the mark0.93×

Perma-Pipe: at 40%, $142.3M of backlog, end of fiscal Q2 implies $56.9M, 93% of Q3 FY2025 revenue record ($61.2M).

Data Desk · Part 06Power

What power costs now

Two prices tell the story of the bottleneck: what the grid charges to guarantee capacity, and what a buyer pays to get compute now rather than later.

As of Aug 12, 2026 · with each PJM auction and each Nebius quote · published Aug 12, 2026 · read Sep 19, 2026 · observed · next release Dec 9, 2026

What the chart says. Grid capacity prices rose more than elevenfold in three auctions, and buyers pay double to skip the queue. Power is not a cost line in this cycle. It is the scarce asset, priced by whoever needs it soonest.

Source: PJM capacity auctions; IEEFA (63% of the increase, $9.3 billion, attributed to data centers); Nebius pricing as described by Michael Burry, August 12, 2026.

Show the data table
PJM capacity price, dollars per megawatt-dayValue
2024/25 auction$28.92
2025/26 auction$269.92
2026/27 auction$329.17
Nebius compute price, millions of dollars per megawattRange
One-to-three-year contract$20M to $25M
Delivery within six months$40M to $50M
Read Part 06: Power Doesn’t Depreciate. Its Premium Moves.

PJM capacity price, dollars per megawatt-day

  1. 2024/25 auction$28.92
  2. 2025/26 auction$269.92
  3. 2026/27 auction$329.17

PJM capacity cleared at $329.17 a megawatt-day in the latest auction, 11.4 times the $28.92 of two auctions earlier. IEEFA attributes 63% of the jump to data centers.

Data Desk · Part 04Capex

The capex clock

Amazon, Google, Microsoft and Meta spent $165 billion on capital projects in three months. That is a pace you can watch.

As of Aug 4, 2026 · quarterly · published Aug 4, 2026 · read Sep 4, 2026 · implied · next release Oct 28, 2026

What the chart says. Quarterly spending is up almost fivefold in three years, and new borrowing now equals about a third of it. When the cash machines start borrowing to feed the machines, the cycle has changed character.

Source: Prof G Markets (quarterly capital spending, Aug 4, 2026); Hayden Capital (incremental debt as a share of capital spending). Earlier quarters are implied by the reported growth rates. The clock is DeepStack arithmetic at last quarter’s pace.

Show the data table
QuarterCapital spending
Same quarter, three years earlier (implied)$33.5B
Same quarter, a year earlier (implied)$88.2B
Latest quarter$165.0B
PeriodNew debt as share of capital spending
20249%
Last 12 months32%
Read Part 04: AI Spending Has Met Its First Real Bill

Spent by the four since you opened this page

$0

  1. Same quarter, three years earlierimplied$33.5B
  2. Same quarter, a year earlierimplied$88.2B
  3. Latest quarter$165B

Per day$1.81B

Per second$20,928

New debt as share of capex9% → 32%2024 → Last 12 months

At last quarter’s pace the four spend about $1.8 billion a day, or roughly $20,900 every second.

Data Desk · Part 01Chips

Orders outrun shipments

In a single quarter, Broadcom booked nearly three dollars of AI chip orders for every dollar it shipped. The money to pay for that demand is being raised in tranches.

As of Aug 9, 2026 · with each company report · published Aug 9, 2026 · read Aug 10, 2026 · observed

What the chart says. A 2.8-to-1 book-to-bill is demand. Seventy-three billion dollars of private debt arranged in ten weeks to fund the hardware is something else: a sign that the buyers’ own cash is no longer enough.

Source: Invest In Assets (Broadcom orders and shipments, mid-2026); Michael Burry (Apollo transaction, late May); Apollo and Blackstone first tranche, as reported in Part 01.

Show the data table
Broadcom AI semiconductors, one quarter, billions of dollarsValue
AI chip orders booked$30.0B
AI chips shipped$10.8B
Private debt raised for AI compute, billions of dollarsValue
Apollo, late May$38B
Apollo and Blackstone$35B
Read Part 01: Nvidia’s Demand Is Real. Its Financing Is Fragile.

Broadcom AI semiconductors, one quarter, billions of dollars

  1. AI chip orders booked$30.0B
  2. AI chips shipped$10.8B

Broadcom booked $30 billion of AI semiconductor orders in one quarter against $10.8 billion shipped: 2.8 dollars of orders for every dollar delivered.

The AI business

Who is actually making money from the models, and who the agents are coming for.

Data Desk · Part 12Markets

Run-rates, as relayed

Annualized revenue at the two labs as four writers relayed it between May and October, none of it audited, beside the one trailing figure that came out of a leaked prospectus. Sort by lab or by size, then switch to the yardstick.

As of Oct 2, 2026 · irregular, as the writers relay it · published Oct 2, 2026 · read Oct 9, 2026 · reported · next release Anthropic's registration statement on EDGAR

What the chart says. The four run-rates are not one series: each is a different writer's date and definition, and the gap between $50 billion and $65 billion for Anthropic is two months of relaying, not two months of sales. The one trailing figure, $4.6 billion for 2025, sits an order of magnitude below the run-rates, which is what a run-rate on a steep curve looks like.

Source: Longriver Investment Partners (Jul 20, 2026, the May figure); Daniel Romero (Sep 21, 2026, the July figures); Tae Kim (Oct 2, 2026); Reuters' reading of a leaked prospectus as relayed by Mia Silverio of Prof G Markets (Oct 5, 2026). None of the figures is audited.

Show the data table
Annualized revenue as relayed, billions of dollarsValue
Anthropic, May$50B
Anthropic, July$65B
OpenAI, July$40B
OpenAI, October$70B
Anthropic: trailing 2025 revenue against the two run-rates, billions of dollarsValue
2025 revenue$4.6B
Run-rate, May$50.0B
Run-rate, July$65.0B
Read Part 12: The Model Is Not the Price

Annualized revenue as relayed, billions of dollars

  1. OpenAI, OctoberKim, Oct 2$70B
  2. Anthropic, JulyRomero, Sep 21$65B
  3. Anthropic, MayLongriver, Jul 20$50B
  4. OpenAI, JulyRomero, Sep 21$40B

Anthropic, as relayed: $50 billion in May and $65 billion in July. OpenAI: $40 billion in July and $70 billion as reported on October 2.

Data Desk · Live · Part 09Agents

Winners and losers at the first checkout

From the day Meta launched its shopping agent, the market sorted companies into two piles: the ones building agents, and the ones whose customers agents might reroute. Refreshed with each close; switch the start date, then sort by move or by group.

As of Oct 20, 2026 · daily closes, at each build · published Oct 21, 2026 · read Oct 21, 2026 · observed · next release the next weekday build

Live data, updated Oct 21, 2026, 5:43 p.m. ET

What the chart says. Change in closing price, Sep 8, 2026 to Oct 20, 2026: the median of building agents is +10% against −9% for habit businesses. The first checkout sorted the market into the companies building agents and the ones whose customers an agent might reroute. The sort is still running.

Source: Financial Modeling Prep (delayed closes) (latest Oct 20, 2026, refreshed at each build). Closing prices as Financial Modeling Prep redistributes them, delayed; changes are DeepStack arithmetic.

Show the data table
Change in closing price, Sep 8, 2026 to Oct 20, 2026Value
Advanced Micro Devices+6%
Meta+13%
S&P 500+1%
Expedia+10%
Netflix−11%
Bank of America−19%
Intuit+5%
Planet Fitness+6%
Booking Holdings−9%
Comcast−15%
Change in closing price, Oct 2, 2026 to Oct 20, 2026Value
Advanced Micro Devices−16%
Meta−5%
S&P 5000%
Expedia+13%
Netflix+2%
Bank of America−6%
Intuit+19%
Planet Fitness+25%
Booking Holdings+3%
Comcast+4%
Read Part 09: Habit Was the Moat. Agents Are Draining It.

Change in closing price, Sep 8, 2026 to Oct 20, 2026

  1. Meta+13%
  2. Expedia+10%
  3. Advanced Micro Devices+6%
  4. Planet Fitness+6%
  5. Intuit+5%
  6. S&P 500+1%
  7. Booking Holdings−9%
  8. Netflix−11%
  9. Comcast−15%
  10. Bank of America−19%

Bank of America moved most, −19%. Building agents: median +10%; Habit businesses: median −9%.

Data Desk · Part 05AI Labs

The price of the same job

One coding task, three models. On a linear scale the cheapest one all but disappears. Switch to a log scale, then dial up the volume to see a buyer’s monthly bill.

As of Aug 9, 2026 · with each list-price change · published Aug 9, 2026 · read Sep 11, 2026 · scenario

What the chart says. Same task, a 64-fold price gap. A general-purpose model cannot charge frontier prices for work a router can send elsewhere. The moat has to be the work only you can do.

Source: Wyndo (cost of the same coding task, August 9, 2026), as reported in Part 05. Monthly bills are DeepStack arithmetic.

Show the data table
ModelCost per task1,000 tasks10,000 tasks100,000 tasks1,000,000 tasks10,000,000 tasks
Claude Opus 5$0.32$320.00$3,200$32,000$320,000$3.20M
Kimi$0.24$240.00$2,400$24,000$240,000$2.40M
DeepSeek$0.005$5.00$50.00$500.00$5,000$50,000
Read Part 05: OpenAI and Anthropic Are Not the Same Business
1,000 tasks a month10,000,000 tasks a month
Step 10x the volume
  1. Claude Opus 5$0.32 per task$320,000a month
  2. Kimi$0.24 per task$240,000a month
  3. DeepSeek$0.005 per task$5,000a month

Linear scale: bar length is proportional to price.

At 1,000,000 tasks a month: Claude Opus 5 $320,000, Kimi $240,000, DeepSeek $5,000. The most expensive model costs 64 times the cheapest.

Data Desk · Part 05AI Labs

Two labs, two businesses

OpenAI and Anthropic are usually traded as one bet on AI demand. Their second quarters say they are not the same business.

As of Aug 9, 2026 · quarterly, as the labs report · published Aug 9, 2026 · read Sep 11, 2026 · estimated · next release an audited filing on EDGAR

What the chart says. One lab grew 142% and reported adjusted operating income of $559 million. The other added about $3 billion of costs to win $1 billion of new revenue. Lending to them as a single credit is a category error.

Source: Michael Spencer (quarterly revenue; Anthropic adjusted operating income, preliminary); Steve Eisman (OpenAI costs). Anthropic’s first quarter is implied by its reported 142% growth.

Show the data table
Quarterly revenue, billions of dollarsQ1 2026Q2 2026
OpenAI$5.7B$6.7B
Anthropic$4.8B (implied)$11.6B
Revenue growth, second quarter over firstValue
Anthropic142%
OpenAI18%
OpenAI, change from the first quarter, billions of dollarsValue
New revenue$1.0B
Added costs$3.0B
Read Part 05: OpenAI and Anthropic Are Not the Same Business

Quarterly revenue, billions of dollars

Q1 2026Q2 2026

  1. OpenAI$5.7B$6.7B
  2. Anthropic$4.8Bimplied$11.6B

OpenAI went from $5.7 billion to $6.7 billion. Anthropic reached $11.6 billion, from an implied $4.8 billion.

The tape, expanded

Every number in The Buildout.

68 figures from 17 stories, each with its date and context. Filter by beat, or search for a company, a rate or a name.

68 of 68 numbers

How to read these charts